TÜRKİYE’S ENERGY SECURITY CHALLENGES: A THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF SHIFTING FROM HYDROCARBONS TO RENEWABLES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35774/jee2024.04.635Keywords:
hypothetical calculation; electricity production; solar power; wind power; GHG emission; carbon emission (CO2).Abstract
Türkiye is one of the most energy-dependent countries, and its energy market is heavily reliant on imported energy sources such as oil, natural gas, coal. The relevancy of this research keeps up with the modern world’s number one challenge, green energy transition, in one country’s example in terms of costs and carbon emissions. For the purpose of the work, the country’s theoretical transition from fossil fuels mainly, coal and natural gas to wind and solar energy in electricity production has been analysed, and the required average transition cost has been determined. To delve into a comprehensive investigation, firstly, the secondary data was employed on energy production and greenhouse gas emissions (as well as carbon emissions), and data showed coal and natural gas were in leading positions in generating electricity. The country’s natural gas import by country through statistical data was touched. In this research, hypothetical calculation, correlation, regression, statistical, and comparative analysis methods were borrowed. With the help of the Pearson and Spearman correlation, the relationship between population growth and electricity generation was investigated. Via regression analysis, the potential effect of population growth on electricity produc tion was determined. Additionally, the impact of electricity generation on population growth was also explored. The practical value, as well as the scientific novelty of this study, is that it provides a hypothetical transition road for other researchers to calculate world countries’ transition expenses.
JEL: Q21, Q22, Q27, Q28.
References
Coşkun, R., Altunışık, R. & Yıldırım, E. (2019). Research Methods in Social Sciences (10th ed.). [In Turkish]. Sakarya: Sakarya University Publishing House. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339916586_Sosyal_Bilimlerde_ Arastirma_Yontemleri_SPSS_Uygulamali_Genisletilmis_10_baski.
Dinneen, J. (July 23, 2024). Can solar panels designed for space boost clean energy on Earth? New Scientist. https://tinyurl.com/re4kxjux.
Dumrul, C., Bilgili, F., Zarali, F., Dumrul, Y., & Kiliçarslan, Z. (2024). The evaluation of renewable energy alternatives in Turkey using intuitionistic-fuzzy EDAS methodology. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(10), 15503–15524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31816-7
DW Planet A (March 17, 2023a). Floating wind turbines: Offshore energy’s secret weapon [Video file]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=El4kHkJ7ITs.
DW Planet A (November 5, 2021). How green is solar energy really? [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWV4e453y8Y.
DW Planet A (September 15, 2023b). Wind power’s unsolved problem [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HzQShAlObn8.
International Monetary Fund (2024). Republic of Türkiye. At a glance. https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/TUR.
Kayahan Y. D. (2023). Evaluation of 21st century energy resources within the framework of energy transformation. MTA Natural Resources and Economy Bulletin, 36, 51–65. [in Turkish].
Madenlı̇, E. Ç., Bekçı̇, U., & Ichwanı̇, T. H. (2023). Current status of renewable energy in Türkiye. Osmaniye Korkut ATA University Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 6(3), 2378–2391. [in Turkish]. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1107969
Ozbektas, S., Senel, M. C., & Sungur, B. (2023). Renewable energy status and installation costs in the world and Turkey. The Journal of Engineer and Machinery, 64(711), 317-351. [in Turkish]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 372010114_Renewable_Energy_Status_and_Installation_Costs_in_the_ World_and_Turkey.
Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2024). Türkiye’s International Energy Strategy. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkeys-energy-strategy.en.mfa.
Siccardi, F. (February 28, 2024). Understanding the energy drivers of Turkey’s foreign policy. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. https://carnegieendowment.org/ research/2024/02/understanding-the-energy-drivers-of-turkeys-foreignpolicy?lang=en¢er=europe
The Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources of The Republic of Türkiye (2023). Electricity. https://tinyurl.com/4xjuaydp.
Tleubergenova, A., Abuov, Y., Danenova, S., Khoyashov, N., Togay, A., & Lee, W. (2023). Resource assessment for green hydrogen production in Kazakhstan. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48(43), 16232–16245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.01.113
TÜİK, Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkSTAT). Environment and Energy. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=cevre-ve-enerji-103&dil=2.
Tutar, H., & Atas, M. (2022). A Review on Turkey’s Renewable Energy Potential and its Usage Problems. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 12(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.12876
Received: September 12, 2024.
Reviewed: October 4, 2024.
Accepted: November 6, 2024.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
